Meningioma in Dogs
In dogs, meningioma stands as the most prevalent brain tumor, impacting a network of membranes known as the meninges, which encase the brain and spinal cord. These tumors exert pressure on neighboring tissues, potentially causing swelling in the affected areas. While all breeds face susceptibility to meningioma, it primarily manifests in dogs aged seven years and older.
Symptoms
The symptoms differ based on the tumor’s location, yet some prevalent indications encompass:
- Seizures
- Visual impairments
- Abnormal behavior or cognitive state
- Lack of coordination in movements
- Neck or back discomfort
Causes
The exact cause of meningioma remains unidentified at present.
Diagnosis
Providing a detailed history of your dog’s health, including the onset and characteristics of symptoms, is essential when consulting your veterinarian. A comprehensive physical examination will be conducted, along with tests such as a biochemistry profile, urinalysis, and complete blood count, typically yielding normal results. Additionally, your dog’s veterinarian may extract a sample of cerebrospinal fluid, the protective fluid surrounding the brain and spinal cord, for further analysis.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Computed Tomography (CT) scan are the primary tools used to identify lesions and determine their location. Tissue biopsies are also commonly employed for meningioma diagnosis.
Treatment
Complete surgical excision is necessary for definitive treatment, although it may not always be feasible. Some tumors are inaccessible for surgical removal, while incomplete excision may occur due to tumor invasiveness. In such instances, radiation therapy might be advised. Moreover, fluid therapy, dietary adjustments, and medications are utilized to manage seizures and stabilize the dog’s condition.
Living and Management
The overall prognosis hinges on the extent of excision achieved during surgery. Many dogs undergoing successful surgery for complete tumor mass excision have a favorable prognosis. However, some may face challenges in recovery due to tumor invasiveness into deeper tissues or other complications.
Regular follow-up evaluations of the disease and treatment response are essential, necessitating visits to the veterinarian at scheduled intervals. Post-surgery, expect your dog to experience soreness. To alleviate discomfort, your veterinarian will prescribe pain medication, which should be administered with great care (overdosing is one of the most preventable accidents with pets). Limit your dog’s activity during the healing process, providing a tranquil resting place away from household commotion, children, and other pets. Consider implementing cage rest to restrict physical activity.